L1 slide 15: Equilibrium state (ENGR5003)

L1 slide 15: Equilibrium stateFrom lectureCurrent specThird3 marks3 min

ENGR5003 Lecture 1, slide 15 (Equilibrium state)

A gas is contained in a rigid insulated tank. The gas initially has a non-uniform temperature and pressure. The tank is left undisturbed for a long time.

Formulas you may need

Thermodynamic equilibrium: no unbalanced driving force (temperature, pressure or chemical potential difference) inside the system or between it and its surroundings (learn this)

(a)
Which statement best describes the final state?
AThe gas is in thermal equilibrium only.BThe gas is in mechanical equilibrium only.CThe gas reaches thermodynamic equilibrium.DThe gas has undergone no thermodynamic process because the tank is rigid.
[1]
(b)
Distinguish thermal, mechanical and chemical equilibrium. What does thermodynamic equilibrium actually require?
[2]