ENGR216 2024 Dynamics Q A1Past paperOld spec ENGR2162:125 marks30 min

ENGR216 Summer 2024 Dynamics Q A1[VALID]

The smooth particle PP moves in the slot of a rotating arm OBOB and is attached to a spring extending from the fixed point AA to PP. The mass of PP is mm. The spring's stiffness is kspk_{sp}. The unstretched length of the spring is L0L_0. The radial position and radial velocity of PP are rr and r˙\dot{r}, respectively. At the instant shown in Figure A1: the angle ϕ\phi is known, and the length of the spring is 1.5L01.5L_0. The arm OBOB is rotating with a constant angular speed ω\omega (clockwise) to the horizontal position. ur\mathbf{u}_r and uθ\mathbf{u}_\theta represent the unit vectors of radial and transverse directions, respectively.

Note: ∠APB=ϕ=60∘\angle APB = \phi = 60^\circ, m=3m = 3 kg, ksp=10k_{sp} = 10 N/m, L0=1.6L_0 = 1.6 m, ω=2\omega = 2 rad/s.

Figure A1: particle P in the slot of arm OB (rotating clockwise about O), spring from fixed point A to P at angle phi.
Figure A1: particle P in the slot of arm OB (rotating clockwise about O), spring from fixed point A to P at angle phi.
Formulas you may need
  • Polar velocity v=r˙ ur+rθ˙ uθ\mathbf{v} = \dot r\,\mathbf{u}_r + r\dot\theta\,\mathbf{u}_\theta (learn this)
  • Polar acceleration a=(r¨−rθ˙2) ur+(rθ¨+2r˙θ˙) uθ\mathbf{a} = (\ddot r - r\dot\theta^2)\,\mathbf{u}_r + (r\ddot\theta + 2\dot r\dot\theta)\,\mathbf{u}_\theta (learn this)
  • Newton's second law in polar components ∑Fr=mar\sum F_r = m a_r, ∑Fθ=maθ\sum F_\theta = m a_\theta (learn this)
  • Linear spring force Fs=ksp(L−L0)F_s = k_{sp}(L - L_0), directed along the spring (learn this)
  1. (a)
    Draw the free body diagram and the kinetic diagram of PP.
    [10]2:2
  2. (b)
    Determine the acceleration of the particle by using the variables: ϕ\phi, kspk_{sp}, ω\omega, mm, L0L_0, rr and r˙\dot{r}.
    [5]
  3. (c)
    Given that the velocity of PP is vp=5ur−2.4uθ\mathbf{v}_p = 5\mathbf{u}_r - 2.4\mathbf{u}_\theta m/s at the instant, calculate the numerical value for the normal force.
    [5]2:2
  4. (d)
    Under the conditions in (c), is the particle pressing against the lower part of the slot or the upper part? Give your reasoning.
    [5]